Social media marketing campaigns of DMOs for promoting sustainable travel: The case of Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64976/jbtm.14Keywords:
DMOs, Social media, Sustainable tourism, Thailand, Dutch touristsAbstract
This study aims to investigate how social media marketing campaigns for sustainable tourism impact Dutch travellers' decision-making processes when planning a holiday. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a social media content analysis of Thailand's sustainable tourism campaigns with an online questionnaire targeting the Dutch market. The survey collected responses from 377 participants. Thailand launched the "Sustainable Thailand" campaign. It provides insights for the travel industry, stakeholders, and destination management organisations (DMOs) regarding social media campaigns promoting sustainable destinations. Findings reveal that Dutch tourists are less influenced by social media content when they have existing travel plans; however, social media can still influence decisions when concrete plans have not been made. Social media marketing's primary role is to inspire, educate, and encourage Dutch tourists, with DMO Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube pages serving as key information sources for accommodations and activities. Dutch tourists do not consider sustainability a key factor in their decision-making process for selecting a destination. They contend that Destination Marketing Organisations (DMOs) should advocate for sustainable tourism through social media and exhibit a greater propensity to visit destinations that endorse sustainable practices rather than those that emphasise the adverse impacts of tourism.
Downloads
References
Al-Abdallah, G., Ismael, M., & Attieh, L. (2024). Social Media marketing and restaurants' brand equity after COVID-19: A revitalising model. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 1-18.
Abdullah, S. N., Samdin, Z., Teng, P. K., & Heng, B. L. J. (2019). The impact of knowledge, attitude, consumption values and destination image on tourists’ responsible environmental behaviour intention. Management Science Letters, 1461–1476.
Almeida-Santana, A., & Moreno-Gil, S. (2019). Perceived Sustainable Destination Image: Implications for Marketing Strategies in Europe. Sustainability, 11(22), 6466.
Aji P, Nadhila V and Sanny L (2020). Effect of social media marketing on Instagram towards purchase intention: evidence from Indonesia's ready-to-drink tea industry. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 4(2), 91–104.
Ashley, C., & Tuten, T. (2015). Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement. Psychology and Marketing, 32(1), 15–27
Aydın, B., & Álvarez, M. D. (2020). Understanding the tourists’ perspective of sustainability in cultural tourist destinations. Sustainability, 12(21), 8846.
Băcilă, M. F., Ciornea, R., Souca, L., & Drule, A. M. (2022). Content analysis on sustainability dimensions in DMOs’ social media videos advertising the world’s most visited cities. Sustainability, 14(19), 12333.
Bonsόn, E., Royo, S., & Ratkai, M. (2015). Citizens’ engagement on local governments’ Facebook sites. An empirical analysis: The impact of different media and content types in Western Europe. Government Information Quarterly, 32(1), 52–62.
Booking.com. (2020). Share of travellers who find their vacation inspiration by searching online in selected countries worldwide as of July 2020 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 15, 2021, from https://www-statista-com.proxy1.dom1.nhtv.nl/statistics/1239178/online-search-for-vacation-inspiration-in-selected-global-countries/
Booking.com. (2024, April 30). Nederlanders kritisch over impact duurzaam reizen. Nederlanders Kritisch Over Impact Duurzaam Reizen. https://news.booking.com/nl/nederlanders-kritisch-over-impact-duurzaam-reizen/ (Accessed December 2 2024)
Çakici, A. C., Kuhzady, S., & Benli, S. (2017). An image is worth a thousand words: A pictorial analysis of projected destination image of Turkey on Instagram. In Conferencia del FITOURISM Congress (Mersin, Turkey). Recuperado de: https://www. researchgate. net/publication/320614475_An_Image_Is_Worth_A_Thousand_Words_A_Pictorial_Analysis_of_Projected_Destination_Image_of_Turkey_on_Instagram.
Carvalho, I. (2021). ‘You can see both sides of the coin’ how the pursuit of language skills influences the travel experience. Tourism Recreation Research, 48(1), 17–29.
Chalmeta, R., & Barbeito-Caamaño, A. M. (2023). Framework for using online social networks for sustainability awareness. Online Information Review, 48(2), 334–353.
Choe, Y., Kim, J., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2017). Use of social media across the trip experience: An application of latent transition analysis. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(4), 431–443.
Chugh, R., Patel, S. B., Patel, N., & Ruhi, U. (2019). Likes, comments and shares on social media: Exploring user engagement with a state tourism Facebook page. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 15(2), 1–122.
Cox, C., Burgess, S., Sellitto, C., & Buultjens, J. (2009). The role of User-Generated Content in Tourists’ travel planning behavior. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 18(8), 743–764.
Crowel, H., Gribben, H., & Loo, J. (2020). Travel content takes off on YouTube. Think with Google. https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/consumer-insights/consumer-trends/travel-content-takes-off-on-youtube/
de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of Social Media in the Image Formation of Tourist Destinations from the Stakeholders’ Perspective. Sustainability, 12(10), 4092.
Devkota, N., Gajdka, K., Siwakoti, R., Klímová, M., & Dhakal, K. (2023). Promoting Sustainable Tourist Behavior through Promotional Marketing. Journal of Tourism and Services, 14(26), 219–241.
Dwivedi, M., Yadav, A., & Venkatesh, U. (2011). Use of social media by national tourism organisations: A preliminary analysis. Information Technology & Tourism, 13(2), 93-103.
Egger, R., Gumus, O., Kaiumova, E., Mükisch, R., & Surkic, V. (2022). Destination image of DMO and UGC on Instagram: A machine-learning approach. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2022: Proceedings of the ENTER 2022 eTourism Conference, January 11–14, 2022 (pp. 343-355). Springer International Publishing.
Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2017). A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 7(3), 93–99.
Etemad H (2020) Managing uncertain consequences of a global crisis: SMEs encountering adversities, losses, and new opportunities. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 18(2), 125–144.
Ghanem, M., & Elgammal, I. (2016). Communicating sustainability through a destination’s website: a checklist to inform, motivate, and engage stakeholders. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(6), 793–805
Goel, A., Goel, A., Iyer-Raniga, U., Jain, S., Addya, A., Srivastava, S., Pandey, R., & Rathi, S. (2023). Student Perceptions of Environmental Education in India. Sustainability, 15(21), 15346.
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., & Koo, C. (2017). Smart tourism: foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 179–188.
Al-Abdallah, G., Ismael, M., & Attieh, L. (2024). Social Media marketing and restaurants' brand equity after COVID-19: A revitalising model. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667241277207
Abdullah, S. N., Samdin, Z., Teng, P. K., & Heng, B. L. J. (2019). The impact of knowledge, attitude, consumption values and destination image on tourists’ responsible environmental behaviour intention. Management Science Letters, 1461–1476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.5.005
Almeida-Santana, A., & Moreno-Gil, S. (2019). Perceived Sustainable Destination Image: Implications for Marketing Strategies in Europe. Sustainability, 11(22), 6466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11226466
Aji P, Nadhila V and Sanny L (2020). Effect of social media marketing on Instagram towards purchase intention: evidence from Indonesia's ready-to-drink tea industry. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 4(2), 91–104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2020.3.002
Ashley, C., & Tuten, T. (2015). Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement. Psychology and Marketing, 32(1), 15–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20761
Aydın, B., & Álvarez, M. D. (2020). Understanding the tourists’ perspective of sustainability in cultural tourist destinations. Sustainability, 12(21), 8846. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218846
Băcilă, M. F., Ciornea, R., Souca, L., & Drule, A. M. (2022). Content analysis on sustainability dimensions in DMOs’ social media videos advertising the world’s most visited cities. Sustainability, 14(19), 12333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912333
Bonsόn, E., Royo, S., & Ratkai, M. (2015). Citizens’ engagement on local governments’ Facebook sites. An empirical analysis: The impact of different media and content types in Western Europe. Government Information Quarterly, 32(1), 52–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2014.11.001
Booking.com. (2020). Share of travellers who find their vacation inspiration by searching online in selected countries worldwide as of July 2020 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved March 15, 2026, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1239178/online-search-for-vacation-inspiration-in-selected-global-countries/?srsltid=AfmBOor3lU-rOismBecv5Jf22CLReCdA7uxu2xryZAGrHlPTB0XOO0kV
Booking.com. (2024, April 30). Nederlanders kritisch over impact duurzaam reizen. Nederlanders Kritisch Over Impact Duurzaam Reizen. https://news.booking.com/nl/nederlanders-kritisch-over-impact-duurzaam-reizen/
Çakici, A. C., Kuhzady, S., & Benli, S. (2017). An image is worth a thousand words: A pictorial analysis of projected destination image of Turkey on Instagram. The First International Congress on Future of Tourism: Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability: Mersin, September 17, 2017.
Carvalho, I. (2021). ‘You can see both sides of the coin’ how the pursuit of language skills influences the travel experience. Tourism Recreation Research, 48(1), 17–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2021.1894044
Chalmeta, R., & Barbeito-Caamaño, A. M. (2023). Framework for using online social networks for sustainability awareness. Online Information Review, 48(2), 334–353. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-03-2023-0116
Choe, Y., Kim, J., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2017). Use of social media across the trip experience: An application of latent transition analysis. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(4), 431–443. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1182459
Chugh, R., Patel, S. B., Patel, N., & Ruhi, U. (2019). Likes, comments and shares on social media: Exploring user engagement with a state tourism Facebook page. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 15(2), 1–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWBC.2019.10020618
Cox, C., Burgess, S., Sellitto, C., & Buultjens, J. (2009). The role of User-Generated Content in Tourists’ travel planning behavior. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 18(8), 743–764. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19368620903235753
Crowel, H., Gribben, H., & Loo, J. (2020). Travel content takes off on YouTube. Think with Google. https://think.storage.googleapis.com/docs/travel-content-takes-off-on-youtube_articles.pdf
de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of Social Media in the Image Formation of Tourist Destinations from the Stakeholders’ Perspective. Sustainability, 12(10), 4092. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104092
Devkota, N., Gajdka, K., Siwakoti, R., Klímová, M., & Dhakal, K. (2023). Promoting Sustainable Tourist Behavior through Promotional Marketing. Journal of Tourism and Services, 14(26), 219–241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.512
Dwivedi, M., Yadav, A., & Venkatesh, U. (2011). Use of social media by national tourism organisations: A preliminary analysis. Information Technology & Tourism, 13(2), 93-103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/109830512X13258778487353
Egger, R., Gumus, O., Kaiumova, E., Mükisch, R., & Surkic, V. (2022). Destination image of DMO and UGC on Instagram: A machine-learning approach. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2022: Proceedings of the ENTER 2022 eTourism Conference, January 11–14, 2022 (pp. 343-355). Springer International Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94751-4_31
Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2017). A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 7(3), 93–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2017.08.001
Etemad H (2020) Managing uncertain consequences of a global crisis: SMEs encountering adversities, losses, and new opportunities. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 18(2), 125–144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-020-00279-z
Ghanem, M., & Elgammal, I. (2016). Communicating sustainability through a destination’s website: a checklist to inform, motivate, and engage stakeholders. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(6), 793–805 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1233928
Goel, A., Goel, A., Iyer-Raniga, U., Jain, S., Addya, A., Srivastava, S., Pandey, R., & Rathi, S. (2023). Student Perceptions of Environmental Education in India. Sustainability, 15(21), 15346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115346
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., & Koo, C. (2017). Smart tourism: foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 179–188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-015-0196-8
Hanington, B., & Martin, B. (2019). Universal Methods of Design, Expanded and Revised: 125 Ways to Research Complex Problems, Develop Innovative Ideas, and Design Effective Solutions (Rockport Universal) (Revised). Rockport Publishers.
Hays, S. G., Page, S. J., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Social media as a destination marketing tool: its use by national tourism organisations. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(3), 211–239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2012.662215
Hysa, B., Zdonek, I., & Karasek, A. (2022). Social media in sustainable tourism recovery. Sustainability, 14(2), 760. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020760
Ibrahim B and Aljarah A (2023). The era of Instagram expansion: matching social media marketing activities and brand loyalty through customer relationship quality. Journal of Marketing Communications, 29(1), 1–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2021.1984279
Juvan, E., & Dolnicar, S. (2014). The attitude–behaviour gap in sustainable tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 76–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.05.012
Kang J (2018). Effective marketing outcomes of hotel Facebook pages: the role of active participation and satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 1(2), 106–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-10-2017-0003
Kao, T. F., & Du, Y. Z. (2020). A study on the influence of green advertising design and environmental emotion on advertising effect. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, 118294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118294
Kapoor, R., & Kapoor, K. (2021). The transition from traditional to digital marketing: a study of the evolution of e-marketing in the Indian hotel industry. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 13(2), 199–213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-10-2020-0124
Kenan, J. (2022). Social media engagement: What it is and tips to improve it. Sprout Social. https://sproutsocial.com/insights/social-media-engagement/
Kilipiri, E., Papaioannou, Ε., & Kotzaivazoglou, I. (2023). Social media and influencer marketing for promoting sustainable tourism destinations: the Instagram case. Sustainability, 15(8), 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086374
Kim, W., Malek, K., & Roberts, K. R. (2019). The effectiveness of green advertising in the convention industry: An application of a dual coding approach and the norm activation model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 39, 185–192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.04.007
Kiráľová, A., & Pavlíčeka, A. (2015) "Development of social media strategies in tourism destination." Procedia-social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 358-366. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1211
Klein VB and Todesco JL (2021) COVID-19 crisis and SMEs responses: the role of digital transformation. Knowledge and Process Management, 28(2), 117–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/kpm.1660
Kolb, B. (2017). Tourism marketing for cities and towns: Using social media and branding to attract tourists. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315543413
Kumar, P., Mishra, J. M., & Rao, Y. V. (2022). Analysing tourism destination promotion through Facebook by destination marketing organisations of India. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(9), 1416–1431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1921713
Leung, X. Y. (2019). Do destination Facebook pages increase fan’s visit intention? A longitudinal study. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(2), 205–218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-06-2018-0041
Leung, D., Law, R., Van Hoof, H., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Social Media in Tourism and Hospitality: A Literature review. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(1–2), 3–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.750919
Li, S.C., Robinson. P., & Oriade, A (2017). Destination marketing: the use of technology since the millennium. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(2), 95–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.04.008
Liu, Y. Y., & Mačerinskienė, A. (2016). Managing the digital campaign process for sustainable tourism destinations. Sustainable Tourism VII. Southampton, United Kingdom: WIT Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2495/ST160121
Lu, Y., Chen, Z., & Law, R. (2018). Mapping the progress of social media research in hospitality and tourism management from 2004 to 2014. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(2), 102–118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2017.1350249
Luo, A. (2022). Content Analysis | Guide, Methods & Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/content-analysis/
MacEachern, J., MacInnis, B., MacLeod, D., Munkres, R., Jaspal, S. K., Kınay, P., & Wang, X. (2024). Destination Management Organisations' roles in Sustainable tourism in the Face of Climate change: An overview of Prince Edward Island. Sustainability, 16(7), 3049. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16073049
Mamula Nikolić, T., Pantić, S. P., Paunović, I., & Filipović, S. (2021). Sustainable Travel Decision-Making of Europeans: Insights from a Household Survey. Sustainability, 13(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041960
Mao, Z., Li, D., Yang, Y., Fu, X., & Yang, W. (2020). Chinese DMOs’ engagement on global social media: Examining post-related factors. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(3), 274–285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1708759
Mariani, M. M., Di Felice, M., & Mura, M. (2016). Facebook as a destination marketing tool: Evidence from Italian regional Destination Management Organizations. Tourism Management, 54, 321-343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.12.008
Mariani, M. M., Mura, M., & Di Felice, M. (2018). The determinants of Facebook social engagement for national tourism organisations' Facebook pages: A quantitative approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, 312–325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.06.003
Molina, A., Gomez, M., Lyon, A., Aranda, E., & Loibl, W. (2020). What content to post? Evaluating the effectiveness of Facebook communications in destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100498. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100498
Molinillo, S., Liébana‐Cabanillas, F., & Anaya‐Sánchez, R. (2017). Destination image on the DMO’s platforms: official website and social media. Tourism & Management Studies, 13(3), 5–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2017.13301
Morrison, M. Alastair. (2019). Marketing and Managing Tourism Destinations: Vol. Second edition. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315178929
Munar, A. (2012). Social media strategies and destination management. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 12(2), 101-120, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2012.679047
Park, J., & Ha, S. (2014). Understanding Consumer Recycling Behavior: Combining the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Norm Activation Model. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 42(3), 278–291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12061
Rasoolimanesh, S., Seyfi, S., Rastegar, R., & Hall, C. (2021). Destination image during the COVID-19 pandemic and future travel behaviour: The moderating role of past experience. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 21, 100620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100620
Responsible Tourism. (2020). Thailand Insider. https://thailandinsider.com/experience/responsible-tourism/
Roque, V., & Raposo, R. (2016). Social media as a communication and marketing tool in tourism: an analysis of online activities from an international key player DMO. Anatolia, 27(1), 58–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2015.1083209
Sigala, M. (2012). Social networks and customer involvement in new service development (NSD). International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(7), 966–990 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111211258874
Sotiriadis, M. (2021). Tourism destination marketing: Academic knowledge. Encyclopedia, 1(1), 42-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1010007
Swani, K., Milne, G. R., Brown, B. P., Assaf, A. G., & Donthu, N. (2017). What messages to post? Evaluating the popularity of social media communications in business versus consumer markets. Industrial Marketing Management, 62, 77–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.07.006
Tanković, A. Č., & Mušanović, J. (2022). Exploring direct and indirect effects of sustainability communication on destination reputation. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 25, 100729. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100729
Tourism Authority of Thailand [tourismthailand]. (2022). Phuket Old Town - Thailand. [Instagram post]. https://www.instagram.com/p/CiuWC3mLZz9/
Tourism Authority of Thailand. (n.d.). Vision Mission 2020. Retrieved March 15 2026, from https://www.tat.or.th/en/about-tat/mission-vision
Tourism Authority of Thailand. (n.d.). Tourism Policy Archives - TAT Newsroom. https://www.tatnews.org/tag/tourism-policy
Travel Tomorrow. (2020). Thailand Releases its First Video Campaign Focused on Sustainable Tourism. https://traveltomorrow.com/thailand-releases-its-first-video-campaign-focused-on-sustainable-tourism/
Uşaklı, A., Koç, B., & Sönmez, S. (2017). How “social” are destinations? Examining European DMO social media usage. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 6(2), 136–149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.02.001
Van Tiel, A. (2024). Social media cijfers 2024 in Nederland: (dagelijks) gebruik en leeftijden. Afix. https://www.afix.nl/social-media-cijfers/#:~:text=Instagram%2C%20TikTok%20en%20LinkedIn%3A%20de%20groeikampioenen&text=Tromgeroffel%E2%80%A6,%2D1%25%20gebruikers%20had%20verloren
Vermeulen, T., Bijl, J., Korteweg Maris, D., Rooijackers, M., Heslinga, J., Politiek, M., Heerschap, N., Schreven, L., & van Wijk, K. (Eds.) (2020). Trendrapport toerisme, recreatie en vrije tijd 2020. CELTH/CBS/NBTC Holland Marketing/NRIT Report. https://share.google/3Ti15smjEkJkcn729
Walsh, P. R., & Dodds, R. (2022). The impact of intermediaries and social marketing on promoting sustainable behaviour in leisure travellers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 338, 130537. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130537
Walsh, P. R., Dodds, R., Priskin, J., Day, J., & Belozerova, O. (2021). The Corporate Responsibility Paradox: A Multi-National Investigation of Business traveller Attitudes and their Sustainable travel behaviour. Sustainability, 13(8), 4343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084343
Wang, C. (2016, July). The influence of electronic word-of-mouth on the decision-making of online travel booking. In 2016 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C) (pp. 934-937). IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IS3C.2016.237
Wibowo S, Hidayat R, Suryana Y, et al. (2020). Measuring the effect of advertising value and brand awareness on purchase intention through the flow experience method on Facebook’s social media marketing big data. In 2020 8th International conference on cyber and IT service Management (CITSM), ISB Atma Luhur Convention Hall, Pangkalpinang City, Indonesia, 23–24 October 2020, pp. 1–5. IEEE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CITSM50537.2020.9268812
Wulf Hauglann, M. (2021). Nerd Nomads Blog. https://nerdnomads.com/patong-beach-phuket
Xiang, Z., & Gretzel, U. (2010). Role of social media in online travel information search. Tourism Management, 31(2), 179–188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.02.016
Xiang, Z., Magnini, V. P., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015). Information technology and consumer behaviour in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the Internet. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 22, 244–249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.08.005
Zhang, C., Tian, Y.X., & Fan, Z.P., et al. (2020) Product sales forecasting using macroeconomic indicators and online reviews: a method combining prospect theory and sentiment analysis. Soft Computing 24, 6213–6226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-018-03742-1
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rami Isaac
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
